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Many developers treat entities as database rows. They create classes with only getters and setters. This is an anemic model. It makes your code fragile.
Logic often leaks into controllers or services. You repeat validations in several places. Your objects become bags of data. Any part of the system makes them invalid.
DDD solves this with Rich Entities. An entity has a unique ID. It keeps its identity even when data changes. It holds both data and business rules.
Think about a person. A person changes their name or address. They stay the same person because of their ID. Your code should work the same way.
Stop focusing on database columns. Focus on business behavior.
Follow these steps to fix an anemic model:
- Remove all public setters.
- Identify business reasons for change.
- Create methods named with verbs.
- Move logic from services into these methods.
- Use a constructor to ensure a valid state.
Your entity now expresses business rules. It protects its own state. You no longer need to scatter validations across your system.
Check your most important class. Does it have behavior or only getters?
Start small. Remove one setter. Create one business method. Move one validation. Your tests will become clearer. Your bugs will decrease.