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Accessibility is a basic quality. It is not a feature. Build it from the start. It saves money. It helps all users.
- Use semantic HTML. Use buttons for buttons. Use links for links. Use headers in order. This helps screen readers and SEO.
- Use ARIA only when HTML fails. Do not use ARIA if a native element works.
- Make every control work with a keyboard. Use tabindex 0 to make items focusable. Use tabindex -1 to remove items from the tab order. Do not use positive numbers.
- Check your colors. Text needs a 4.5:1 ratio. Large text needs 3:1. Use tools like WebAIM.
- Add alt text to images. Label your forms. Test with VoiceOver or NVDA. Automated tools miss a lot.
- Keep focus indicators visible. Keyboard users need to see their position. Never remove the outline without a replacement.
- Test early. Use axe-core or Lighthouse. Fix accessibility bugs like functional bugs.