Vedanta Aluminium 上市以来股价下跌 14%:跌势背后的原因是什么?
尽管被分析师誉为 Vedanta 集团的“皇冠上的明珠”,Vedanta Aluminium Metal 在证券交易所的首次亮相却并不顺利。在短短三个交易日内,该公司的市值大幅缩水,令投资者对市场情绪的突然转变产生了疑问。
市值的快速缩水
Vedanta Aluminium 上市后的表现极其低迷。继本周一在 NSE 以每股 522 卢比的价格首发后,该股已连续三个交易日触及 5% 的跌停板。这一下跌趋势导致其股价下跌了 14%,截至周三,股价已降至 447.56 卢比。
这对公司的估值产生了重大影响。在上市之初,Vedanta Aluminium 的市值超过了 2 万亿卢比,甚至超过了其母公司 Vedanta Limited。然而,这一庞大的估值已缩减至约 1.75 万亿卢比,在短短三天内蒸发了超过 2900 亿卢比的市值。
地缘政治催化剂:和平协议与金属价格
虽然 Vedanta Aluminium 的业务基本面依然稳健,但外部宏观经济因素正在推动当前的抛售潮。主要原因似乎是中东地缘政治局势发展后,全球铝价突然降温。
此前,伊朗与美国之间的紧张局势引发了对供应中断的担忧,特别是涉及霍尔木兹海峡——这是全球金属运输的关键水道。然而,在美国总统唐纳德·特朗普宣布达成最终和平协议后,全球市场出现了反弹。由于占全球供应量近 9% 的中东生产商有望实现供应稳定,导致铝价下跌,直接影响了像 Vedanta 这样的印度生产商。
评估“皇冠上的明珠”基本面
尽管短期内价格波动剧烈,但多家金融机构认为该实体的长期前景依然强劲。ICICI Securities 和 ICICI Direct 此前曾将铝业务称为该集团最具吸引力的业务板块,因为它拥有巨大的产能,并对集团利润率有很高贡献。
Vedanta Aluminium is a global heavyweight, producing 2.42 million tonnes of aluminium in FY25—more than half of India's total production. Its asset base is formidable, including:
- A 5 MTPA alumina refinery in Kalahandi, Odisha.
- The world’s largest aluminium plant in Jharsuguda, Odisha (1.85 MTPA capacity).
- Bharat Aluminium Company Limited (BALCO) in Chhattisgarh.
Furthermore, credit rating agency ICRA recently upgraded the company’s rating to a "stable" outlook, providing greater clarity on the allocation of assets and liabilities following the mega-demerger.
Divergent Performance in Vedanta’s Demerged Entities
The market's reaction to the demerger has been uneven across Vedanta's new standalone entities. While Aluminium and Oil & Gas have struggled, other sectors are seeing different trends:
- Vedanta Iron and Steel: A bright spot, rallying over 16% since listing and hitting the upper circuit for three straight sessions.
- Vedanta Power: Showing relative stability, down only about 2% from its listing price.
- Vedanta Oil and Gas: Facing similar headwinds to the aluminium business, also tumbling 14% since its debut.
Key Takeaways
- Massive Value Loss: Vedanta Aluminium has lost over Rs 29,000 crore in market cap, falling 14% since its debut at Rs 522.
- Geopolitical Impact: The decline is primarily driven by falling global aluminium prices following a peace deal between the US and Iran.
- Strong Fundamentals: Despite the price drop, the company remains India's largest aluminium producer with a stable credit outlook from ICRA.