随着廉价原油运抵印度,汽油和柴油价格可能会下跌
联邦石油和天然气部长哈迪普·辛格·普里(Hardeep Singh Puri)表示,零售汽油和柴油价格在不久的将来可能会有所下降。这一潜在的降价空间取决于价格较低的原油库存运抵印度炼油厂,而目前的炼油厂正在处理价格较高的库存。
原油成本与零售价格之间的滞后期
在北方邦松布拉德拉(Sonbhadra)举行的新闻发布会上,普里部长解释了为什么尽管国际原油价格有所回落,但零售价格并未立即下降。他解释说,石油营销公司(OMCs)目前正在消耗以较高价格购买的现有原油库存。
“当以较低价格购买的原油运抵时,燃料价格有可能下降,”普里表示。这表明全球市场变化与消费者加油站账单的实际影响之间存在时间滞后,因为炼油厂必须先耗尽高成本库存,才能将廉价进口带来的好处传递给消费者。
在全球波动中捍卫燃料定价
部长为政府对国内燃料价格的处理辩护,指出尽管西亚存在地缘政治紧张局势且霍尔木兹海峡附近出现中断,但印度的价格仍保持了显著的稳定。普里认为,虽然全球市场经历了剧烈波动,但印度燃料价格的实际涨幅仅限于每升约 7.60 卢比。
为了保护消费者,纳伦德拉·莫迪(Narendra Modi)政府实施了几项战略举措:
- 消费税削减: 政府在 2021 年 11 月、2022 年 5 月以及最近,通过承担每升约 10 卢比的汽油和柴油成本负担,降低了中央消费税。
- 全球对比: 普里指出,在 193 个联合国成员国中,只有日本的石油价格涨幅低于印度。
- 保护消费者: 尽管石油营销公司(OMCs)每天面临约 100 亿卢比的损失,但政府一直致力于防止原油成本上涨的全部压力转嫁给公众。
经济压力与宏观趋势
While the prospect of lower prices offers hope, the industry continues to face significant headwinds. Elevated crude prices and a weakening rupee have placed sustained pressure on OMC margins. Recent geopolitical tensions in the Middle East have already caused petrol and diesel prices to rise by about ₹7.5 per litre, fueling concerns regarding inflation, logistics costs, and household budgets.
Beyond energy, the Minister highlighted India's broader economic trajectory, stating the nation is steadily moving toward becoming the world's third-largest economy. He also cited local developmental successes, such as Sonbhadra's per capita income rising from ₹43,000 in 2018 to approximately ₹1.2 lakh today, reflecting a wider trend of economic expansion.
Key Takeaways
- Price Reduction Potential: Retail fuel prices may ease once refineries complete processing high-cost crude and transition to newer, cheaper imports.
- Government Intervention: The central government has absorbed a cost of ₹10 per litre through excise duty cuts to protect consumers from global volatility.
- OMC Financial Strain: Despite price stability efforts, oil marketing companies are currently facing significant operational losses of nearly ₹1,000 crore per day.